1. Mfundo ndi makhalidwe a teknoloji yosungirako mphamvu
Chipangizo chosungira mphamvu chomwe chimapangidwa ndi zida zosungiramo mphamvu komanso chipangizo chothandizira magetsi chamagetsi chopangidwa ndi zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi zimakhala mbali ziwiri zazikulu za dongosolo losungiramo mphamvu.Chipangizo chosungira mphamvu ndichofunika kuzindikira kusungirako mphamvu, kumasula kapena kusinthanitsa mphamvu mwachangu.Chipangizo chofikira pa gridi yamagetsi chimazindikira njira ziwiri zosinthira mphamvu ndi kutembenuka pakati pa chipangizo chosungira mphamvu ndi gridi yamagetsi, ndikuzindikira ntchito za kuwongolera nsonga yamagetsi, kukhathamiritsa kwamphamvu, kudalirika kwamagetsi ndi kukhazikika kwamagetsi.
Dongosolo losungiramo mphamvu lili ndi mphamvu zambiri, kuyambira makumi a kilowatts mpaka mazana a megawatts;Kutalika kwa nthawi yotulutsa ndi kwakukulu, kuyambira millisecond mpaka ola;Kuchuluka kwa ntchito, pakupanga mphamvu zonse, kutumiza, kugawa, magetsi;Kafukufuku ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waukulu wosungira mphamvu zamagetsi akungoyamba kumene, womwe ndi mutu watsopano komanso gawo lofufuzira lotentha kunyumba ndi kunja.
2. Njira zosungiramo mphamvu zamagetsi
Pakalipano, matekinoloje ofunikira osungira mphamvu amaphatikizapo kusungirako mphamvu zakuthupi (monga kusungirako mphamvu zopopera, kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya, kusungirako mphamvu za flywheel, ndi zina zotero), kusungirako mphamvu zamakina (monga mitundu yonse ya mabatire, mabatire amagetsi ongowonjezwdwanso, kutuluka kwamadzimadzi. mabatire, ma supercapacitor, ndi zina) ndikusungirako mphamvu zamagetsi (monga superconducting electromagnetic energy storage, etc.).
1) Kusungirako kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndikusungirako kumapopera, komwe ndikofunikira pakuwongolera pachimake, kudzaza mbewu, kusinthasintha pafupipafupi, kuwongolera gawo ndi kusungirako mwadzidzidzi kwamagetsi.Nthawi yotulutsidwa yosungiramo kupopera ikhoza kukhala kuchokera maola angapo mpaka masiku angapo, ndipo mphamvu yake yosinthira mphamvu imakhala pakati pa 70% mpaka 85%.Nthawi yomanga malo opangira magetsi opopera ndi yayitali komanso yocheperako ndi mtunda.Pamene malo opangira magetsi ali kutali ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, kutayika kwa kutumizira kumakhala kwakukulu.Kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya woponderezedwa kudagwiritsidwa ntchito kale mu 1978, koma sikunakwezedwe kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mtunda ndi malo.Kusungirako mphamvu kwa Flywheel kumagwiritsa ntchito mota kuyendetsa flywheel kuti izungulira mwachangu, yomwe imasintha mphamvu yamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yamakina ndikuyisunga.Pakafunika, flywheel imayendetsa jenereta kuti ipange magetsi.Kusungirako mphamvu kwa Flywheel kumadziwika ndi moyo wautali, osaipitsa, kusamalidwa pang'ono, koma kutsika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chowonjezera ku dongosolo la batri.
2) Pali mitundu yambiri yosungira mphamvu zamagetsi, yokhala ndi milingo yosiyanasiyana yaukadaulo komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito:
(1) Kusungirako mphamvu ya batri ndiukadaulo wokhwima komanso wodalirika wosungira mphamvu pakadali pano.Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, amatha kugawidwa mu batri ya asidi-acid, batire ya nickel-cadmium, batire ya nickel-metal hydride, batri ya lithiamu-ion, batri ya sodium sulfure, etc. kupangidwa kukhala dongosolo misa yosungirako, ndi unit mphamvu mtengo ndi dongosolo mtengo ndi otsika, otetezeka ndi odalirika ndi kugwiritsiranso ntchito ndi bwino kuyembekezera khalidwe, panopa ndi zothandiza kwambiri mphamvu yosungirako dongosolo, wakhala mu mphamvu yaing'ono mphepo, photovoltaic mphamvu m'badwo kachitidwe. , komanso ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati mu kachitidwe ka m'badwo wogawidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, koma chifukwa lead ndi kuipitsidwa kwachitsulo cholemera, mabatire a Lead-acid si tsogolo.Mabatire apamwamba kwambiri monga lithiamu-ion, sodium-sulfur ndi nickel-metal hydride mabatire ali ndi mtengo wokwera, ndipo teknoloji yosungiramo mphamvu yaikulu yosungiramo mphamvu sikukula.Kuchita kwa zinthuzo sikungathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zosungira mphamvu pakalipano, ndipo chuma sichikhoza kugulitsidwa.
(2) Battery yamagetsi yowonjezereka yowonjezereka imakhala ndi ndalama zambiri, mtengo wamtengo wapatali komanso otsika kwambiri otembenuka mtima, choncho siwoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yosungiramo mphamvu zamagetsi pakalipano.
(3) Battery yosungiramo mphamvu yamadzimadzi imakhala ndi ubwino wa kutembenuka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, kutsika mtengo ndi kukonzanso, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa matekinoloje osungiramo mphamvu ndi kuwongolera mphamvu zamagetsi zogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino komanso zazikulu.Tekinoloje yosungiramo mphamvu yamadzimadzi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko owonetsa ziwonetsero monga USA, Germany, Japan ndi UK, koma ikadali mugawo la kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ku China.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-17-2022
